Scraper



NOV., 10, 1936. E T, GOVE l Y 2,060,369 SCRAPER l Filed July 30, 1934 2Sheets-Sheet l [N VENT 0R Nw., m, 1936. E. T. GOVE 2,060,369y

SCRAPER Filed July 30, 1934 .2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Nov. 10, 1936Musste@ its 8 1938 UNITED sTA-Ximss iS'iENT'QoFFIc 14 Claims.

This invention relates to Scrapers and has for its principal object theprovision of a scraper construction for moving earth wherein therelative positions of a scraper bowl and its supporting carriage may bevaried in a novel manner.

A further object of the invention is to provide a scraper bowl having asupporting carriage connected with a draft frame adapted to be drawn bya tractor, the tractor providing power to vary relative positions of thecarriage and bowl when in digging and carrying positions.

Another object is to provide a scraper bowl having a dump bottom, whichbottom is operatively connected with the mechanism adapted to Vary theposition of the bowl and carriage.

Another object is to provide a scraper bowl having a dump bottom adaptedto dump a load in forward and rearward directions.

Another object is to provide a scraper having a spring carried dumpbottom.

Other objects will become apparent as my invention is more fully hereindisclosed.

Referring to the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a plan view of my scraper attached to a tractor.

Fig. 2 is a side View of my scraper in digging position.

Fig. 3 is a side View of my scraper in carrying position.

Fig. 4 is a side View of my scraper in dumping position.

Fig. 5 is a detail of the spring tension on the scraper bottom along thelines 5--5 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 6 is a detail along lines 6--6 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 7 is a View along lines 'l-'I of Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a view along lines 8-8 of Fig. 6 showing alternative positionsof the mechanism therein disclosed.

In earth scraping mechanism of large capacity, it is desirable to movethe same by tractor power to the end that large loads may be quicklygathered, uniformity of cut made and ecient dumping be provided.

In consequence, a tractor I Il is connected to a scraper II by means ofa drawbar I2 which is affixed to the front end of a draft frame I3. Thedraftrframe I3 is of U-shape having legs I4 adapted to hold a scraperbowl I5, carriages I6 for raising and lowering the bowl, together withother suitable operating mechanisms.

Referring more particularly to the construction of the bowl I5, the sameis made of box-like form having side walls Il, an end wall I8, and adump bottom I9. Dump bottom I9 is constructed of a front section 20, anda rear section 2l, section 2| being of larger area than section 2B, saidsections being pivoted together by a rod 22 and pivotally connected withthe side walls Il" by a rod 23 passing therethrough. Normally, whenbottom I9 is closed, sections 20 and 2| 5 are adapted to meet at aslight angle on rod 22 when bowl I5 is empty. Frame I3 is connected withbowl I5 and carriages I6 by mechanism adapted to vary the relativepositions of the carriages with respect to the bowl whereby desiredpositions are obtained for the bowl.

Section 2l is normally about twice the area of section 2d, asillustrated, which has a decided eifect in dumping load because themajor portion of the load being in section 2|, the power required tolift the bottom is minimized.

As illustrated, carriages I6 .are alike and comprise a pair of wheels24, journalled at 25 on a support 2t and carrying an endless belt orcaterpillar tread 2l. A stub shaft 23 is centrally af- 20 fixed tosupport 25 and extends on both sides of tread 2l to pivotally carry theends of a forward yoke 29 and a rear yoke 30 and inasmuch as both sidesof the scraper are constructed alike, a single description of like partswill suice to disclose my invention.

The forward yoke 29 is pivotally connected to a crossbar 3| held onframe I3, said yoke being adjustable as to length by changing thepositions of bolts 32, and on one side of yoke 29 is connected acam-shape lever 3l forming part of the means whereby carriages I6 areelevated or depressed.

A telescopic lever 33 is journalled on each end of a cross shaft 34fastened in the side walls Il 35 of bowl I5 and lever 33 has one endpivotally fastened to shaft 28, the other end being pivotally connectedto a thrust bar 35 to the end that force exerted through bar 35 to lever33 will be exerted on shaft 28 to effect relative movement of carriageI6 with respect to bowl I5, such movement resulting around lever 31which contacts with a roller 3B mounted on the end of shaft 3d.

The end of bar 35 is pivotally connected with a bell crank 33 journalledon a stub shaft 39 fastened to leg Id, said bell crank having acamshaped face :it and being pivotally held by a strap 4I to the sidewall il, the pivotal connection to bell crank 38 including a stub shaftdla adapted to rest in extreme forward position in a groove Mb in leg Idto give proper support.

Rear yoke 30 is pivotally fastened to a transverse shaft 42 movable in aslot 43 in bell crank 38 and the movement of yoke 30 is limited by thesame being pivotally fastened to a second transverse shaft 44 held in aslot 45 on the rear end of leg I4.

A hydraulic cylinder 46 containing the usual valves and piston, ismounted on a plate 41 supported between legs I4 to be supplied withpower from tractor I6 through the pipes 48 whereby motion in bothdirections will be imparted to connecting rod 49.

Rod 49 is pivotally connected to a thrust shaft 56, slidably held neareach end by a roller held between one of the guide bars 5I and a leg I4,and having on each end an outboard roller 52 adapted to Contact with thecam face 40.

Shaft is connected by a pull bar 53 to a rod 54 connecting both bellcranks 38 which rod works in a slot 55 whereby the bell cranks may bemoved in a forward direction.

Bottom I9 is supported in the rear by a bar 56 held on a pivot 51 to theportion 2I at the lower end, the upper end being bent out to secure aspring 58 held between the bent out portion and a sliding plate 59 by abolt 60 to the end that the opening of bottom I9 to dump will causespring 58 to be compressed by the pressure of plate 59 against anabutment 6I fastened on side wall I1.

Relative movement of bar 56 is permitted by the provision of a slot 62therein in which is guided a pin G3 fastened to side wall I1. Thedumping of bottom I9 is effected thro-ugh the medium of a lever 64fastened to portion 20, which lever is connected by a cable 65 passinground a pulley 66 and tied to the forward end of bell crank 38 wherebypower applied through cylinder 46 will cause the load to be dumped.Additional dumping mechanism is provided by making the end I8 with aliftable section 61 hinged thereto, the same being held closed by alatch 68 pivotally held on side wall I1 and connected through a spring69 with one arm of a bell crank 16, the other arm being connected to thedrivers seat of tractor I0 by a rope 1I. Bell crank 19 is held tosection 61 by a pin 12 thereon held in a slot 13 and the rearward endof. portion ZI is adapted to slidably come within the edge of section 61when closed to rest against a wedgeshaped transverse brace 13a having aforward cutting edge. A cutting edge 14 is secured to rod 23 within thewalls I1 and adjustment is provided therefor by means of a lever 15fastened to rod 23, which lever may be set in any one of a plurality ofholes 16.

A front closure is provided for the bowl I5 by a gate comprising a sheetof metal mounted on rods 11, the ends of which slide in guides 13, thegate being raised or lowered by a rope 19 connected centrally of thegate to the tractor. A transverse brace rod 89 is connected to the sidewalls I1 and a vertical brace rod 8I is fastened thereto and to the rod23. A brace 82 is welded to brace 8I and fastened to shaft 34.

Guides 83 serve to direct earth into bowl I5 outside of the line ofprogression of treads 21 to the end that tread 21 will always havecomparatively level ground to run on when loading. A frame 84 ispivotally fastened to the draft frame I3 and supports a plurality ofrooters 85 for the breaking of the earth for removal by bowl I5, and thecut of the rooters 85 is adjusted by a wheel 86 operating through a gearand lever 81 and a link 83.

In operation, in the loading position shown in Fig. 2, rod 49 extendingfrom the cylinder 46 will be in such position that the bell cranks 38will be in their extreme forward position whereby the thrust on levers35 and pull on rear yokes 3U will have raised carriages I6 relative tothe bowl I 5 and the surface of the ground. Section 61 will be closed,bottom I9 will be closed and the front gate will be open.

On the forward progression of the tractor, the ground is broken byrooters 85 and the loose earth is guided by the parts 83 exteriorly of.bowl I5, while the set or angle on edge 14 gives a desired bottom cut.Cable 65 is slack a predetermined amoimt and the bottom I9, as a whole,has a slight forward pitch relative to the line of progression of thescraper.

When a sufficient load has accumulated in bowl I5, cable 19 is releasedto close the front end of the bowl and power is applied to cylinder 46whereby the thrust through rod 49 and shaft 5I] causes rollers 52 to acton the cam faces 49 and elevate the front ends of bell cranks 38 anddepresses the rear end thereof, all as illustrated in Fig. 3.

The movement of rod 49 is predetermined to the ends that the pull of.levers 35 on levers 33 will be transmitted to shafts 28 to depress thesame around cam levers 31, whereby carriages I6 will come in contactwith the earth while bowl I 5 will be elevated by relative change inposition of shaft 3ft with respect to shafts 28 and by pull of straps lI the maximum elevation being governed by the length of slots 45.

Such elevation brings the bowl I5 into carrying position and the slackin cable 65 is taken up by the predetermined movement of bell crank 38,the position of bottom I9 with respect to the surface of the groundbeing suicient for the loaded scraper to be transported to a place ofdumping without engagement of the rooters 85, or edge 15, with theground.

When the dumping place has been reached, a further movement of rod 49causes a further elevation of the front end of bell cranks 38 which inturn causes a further elevation of the bowl I5 by the mechanismdescribed. At the same time the cable 19 has been pulled to open thefront gate while power pull on cable 65 acts on lever @4to pull bottomI9 into position illustrated in Fig. 4. Such position permits the majorportion of the earth in bowl I5 to be dumped rearwardly of the scraperinasmuch as section 61 will have been opened, while a minor portion willbe dumped forwardly. Continued forward motion of the scraper will spreadthe dirt while springs 58 will be placed underr tension by the pull ofcable 65.

The maximum elevation of bowl I5 and the maximum opening of bottom I9are regulated by the slots l43, which positions are coincident withlever 33 in a vertical position. Upon discharge of bowl I5, a reversalor release of the pressure in cylinder 46 permits rod 49 to pull onlever 53 and release the pull on cable 65, whereupon bowl I5 may bebrought back to carrying position as shown in Fig. 3 to be taken forfurther loading.

It will be noted that bottom I9 and edge 14 are demountable so that themachine may be used as a drag scraper. In this event the cutting edge isprovided by the transverse brace 13a and section 61 is held closed tosupport the dragged load.

In setting the sections 20 and 2I at a slight angle to each other toform acute angles with the horizontal at the forward end of section 20and the rear end of section 2|, such positions insure that when someload has been accumulated in bowl I5, the rear end of section 2I will bepressed into place on transverse bar 13a to the end that no earth willbe spilled, the tension of springs 58 being suiicient to return bottomI9 to the before-mentioned slightly angled position for loading.

It is, of course, obvious that treads 21 may be dispensed with andscraper bowl l5 be supported on wheels, but all such modifications comewithin the scope of the appended claims.

Having described my invention, I claim:

1. In a scraper, the combination of: a draft frame, carriages for theframe, a bowl mounted on the carriages, a sectional bottom in the bowl,means pivotally supporting the carriages on the frame, and actuatingmeans pivotally connecting the frame, bowl and carriages arranged andadapted to first lower the carriages and raise the bowl upon partialactuation thereof and means connected to said sectional bottom and tosaid actuating means to open said bottom upon further actuation of saidactuating means.

2. In a scraper, the combination of a draft frame, a bowl, carriagesattached to the bowl, levers pivotally connecting the carriages with thebowl, members connecting the carriages to the forward part of the frame,members connecting the carriages with the rearward part of the frame,bell cranks on the frame connected with said levers and said rearwardmembers, means to move the bell cranks in two directions, and means onthe forward members and means associated with said levers arranged andadapted to coact with the means on the forward members to vary therelative positions of the carriages and bowl upon movement of said bellcranks.

3. In a scraper, the combination of a draft frame, a bowl, carriages oneach side of the bowl, levers pivotally connecting the carriages witheach side of the bowl, members connecting the carriages to the forwardpart of the frame, members connecting the carriages with the rearwardpart of the frame, bell cranks on the frame connected with the saidlevers and said rearward members, means connecting the rearward part ofthe bowl and said bell cranks, means to move the bell cranks in twodirections, and means on the forward members and means associated withsaid levers arranged and adapted to coact with the means on the forwardmembers to vary the relative positions of the carriages and bowls uponmovement of said bell cranks.

4. In a scraper, the combination of: a draft frame, carriages pivotallyconnected to each side of the frame, bell cranks pivoted on the frame,means to operate the bell cranks, and a bowl pivotally connected to thebell cranks, and carriages; said bowl having a sectional bottompivotally fastened to the front end of the bowl and means connecting asection to the bell cranks.

5. In a scraper, the combination of a draft frame, carriages pivotallyconnected to the frame, bell cranks pivoted on the frame, means tooperate the bell cranks, and a bowl pivotally connected to bell cranksand carriages having a sectional bottom comprising several sectionspivotally connected together; a spring supporting one of said sectionsand the section adjacent thereto being pivotally connected to the bowl,and means connecting the last mentioned section to the bell cranks.

6. In a scraper, the combination of: a draft frame, carriages pivotallyconnected to the frame, bell cranks pivoted on the frame, means tooperate the bell cranks, and a bowl connected to the bell cranks 'andcarriages; said bowl having side walls a bottom in sections and pivotedto the side walls at the front end, a transverse member connecting theside walls at the rear end adapted to receive the rear section of saidbottom, a liftable rear end section, and means connecting the frontsection of the bottom to the bell cranks.

7. In a scraper, the combination of: a draft frame, carriages pivotallyconnected to the frame, bell cranks pivoted on the frame, means tooperate the bell cranks, and a bowl pivotally connected to the bellcranks, and carriages; said bowl having side walls, a bottom in sectionsand pivoted to the side walls at the front end, a transverse memberconnecting the side walls at rear and adapted to receive the rearsection of the said bottom, a liftable rear end section, a liftablefront end section, and means connecting the front section of the bottomto the bell cranks.

8. In a scraper, the combination of: a draft frame, carriages pivotallyconnected to the frame, bell cranks pivoted on each side of the frame,means to operate the bell cranks, and a bowl pivotally connected to thebell cranks and carriages; said bowl having side walls, a bottom insections and pivoted to the side walls, at the front end, a transversemember connecting the side walls at the rear end adapted to receive therear section of said bottom, a liftable rear end section, earth guidesfastened to the front of the bowl, and means connecting a section of thebottom to the bell cranks.

9. In a scraper, the combination of a draft frame, carriages pivotallyconnected to each side of the frame, bell cranks pivoted on the frame,means to operate the bell cranks, and a bowl pivotally connected to thebell cranks and the carriages; said. bowl having side walls, a bottom insections and pivoted to the side walls at the front end, a transversemember connecting the side walls at the rear end adapted to receive therear section of said bottom, means to hold said rear section on saidmember when loading said bowl, liftable rear end Sections, and meansconnecting the front section of the bottom to the bell cranks. s'

10. In a scraper, the combination of: a draft frame, carriages pivotallyconnected to each side of the frame, bell cranks pivoted on each side ofthe frame, means to operate the bell cranks, and a bowl pivotallyconnected to the bell cranks and carriages; said bowl having side walls,a bottorn in sections and pivoted to the side walls at the front end, atransverse member connecting the side walls at the rear end adapted toreceive the rear section of said bottom, a transverse cutting edgeforward of the front section of the bottom, and a liftable rear endsection, and means connecting the bottom to the bell cranks.

11. In a scraper, the combination of: a draft frame, carriages pivotallyconnected to each side of the frame, bell cranks pivoted on the frame,means to operate the bell cranks, and a bowl pivotally connected to thebell cranks and carriages; said bowl having side walls, a bottom insections and pivoted to the side walls at the front end, a transversemeans connecting the side walls at the rear end adapted to receive therear section of said bottom, an adjustable transverse cutting edgeforward of the front section of the bottom, a liftable rear end section,and means connecting the bottom to the bell cranks.

l2. In a scraper, the combination of: a draft frame, carriages pivotallyconnected to each side of the frame, bell cranks pivoted on the frame,means to operate the bell cranks, and a bowl connected to the bellcranks and carriages; said bowl having side walls, a bottom formed oftwo pivoted sections and having the front section pivotally connected tothe front end of the side walls; a transverse means connecting the rearend of the side walls and adapted to receive the rear end or" the rearsection, spring carried devices 'adapted to hold said bottom closed, aliftable rear end section, a liftable front end section, earth guidesfastened to the front of the bowl, and means connecting the bottom tosaid bell cranks.

13. In a scraper, the combination of: a draft frame, a carriage adaptedto support the frame on the ground, a bowl mounted on the carriage,

means connecting the carriage with the frame,

and means including a crank lever forming a connection between theframe, bowl and carriage for varying their relative positions withrespect to the ground.

:14. In a scraper, the combination of: a draft frame, a carriagepivotally connected to the frame, a crank device pivoted on the frame,means to Operate said crank device, and a bowl pivotally connected tothe crank device and carriage; said bowl having a sectional bottompivotally fastened to the bowl and means connecting a section thereof tothe crank device.

EMERY T. GOVE.

